Title: Effect of plant regulators on fruit quality of pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivars ‘Williams’ and ‘Abate Fetel’

Authors: Aleksandar Životić, Jelisaveta Seka Cvijanović, Borut Bosančić, Miljan Cvetković2, Aleksandra Korićanac

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Abstract: This study presents results of two-year research (2016-2017) of effect of plant growth regulators GA4+7 1.8% + BA 1.8% and Prohexadione-Ca (applied individually or in combination) on fruit quality of pear cultivars ‘Williams’ and ‘Abate Fetel’. Examination of these effects was conducted by analysis of the fruit weight, dimensions (length and width), fruit firmness, total soluble solids content, and number of seeds per fruit. Within both studied cultivars, application of GA4+7+BA in the full flowering phenophase proved to be most effective considering the fruit size. Individual application of the Prohexadione-Ca during the same phenophase did not significantly affect fruit characteristics of the observed cultivars.

Key words: pear, planth growth regulators, morphometric characteristics of fruit, fruit quality, seeds

Title: Biological properties of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) genotypes newly developed at Fruit Research Institute, Čačak

Authors: Sanja Radičević, Radosav Cerović, Slađana Marić, Nebojša Milošević, Ivana Glišić, Olga Mitrović, Aleksandra Korićanac

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Abstract: The work on the improvement of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) genotypes at Fruit Research Institute, Čačak has been under way since 1960. The major breeding goals are to develop a self-fertile genotypes with consistent yields, superior fruit quality, suitability for industrial processing and fresh consumption, as well as with different ripening time. A special attention has been paid to obtaining genotypes tolerant/resistant to cherry leaf spot (Blumeriella jaapii (Rehm.) v. Arx.) and brown rot (Monilinia laxa /Ader et Ruhl./ Honey ex Whetz.). The main method is planned hybridization within Prunus cerasus. In addition, clonal selection from natural sour cherry populations of Balkan has been applied. The paper presents results of the two-year (2013-2014) study of flowering and ripening time, morphometric properties and chemical composition of fruits, and field resistance to causal agents of economically important diseases and pests of newly-released sour cherry cultivars Š‘Iskra’ (‘Köröser Weichsel’  ‘Heimanns Rubin’), ‘Nevena’ (‘Köröser Weichsel’  ‘Heimanns Konserven Weichsel’) and ‘Sofija’ (‘Čačanski Rubin’  ‘Heimanns Konserven Weichsel’)Ć, and promising genotypes obtained by planned hybridization ŠII/40 (‘Köröser Weichsel’  ‘Heimanns Konserven Weichsel’ and V/106 (Köröser Weichsel’  ‘Heimanns Konserven Weichsel’)Ć or clonal selection from natural population (‘G-6’ and ‘G-10’), in comparison to the standard cultivar (‘Heimanns Konserven Weichsel’). ‘Sofija’ and ‘G-10’ should be favoured owing to their early ripening time (beginning of second decade of June), exceptional potential for fruit size (7.20 g and 6.83 g, respectively), well-balanced parameters of chemical composition of fruits, and field-resistance to causal agents of cherry diseases and pests. Due to the numerous positive biological and agronomical traits, sour cherry genotypes developed at Fruit Research Institute, Čačak, deserve to be given a place in commercial orchards, as well as parents within sour cherry breeding programmes worldwide.

Key words: Prunus cerasus L., cultivars, promising hybrids, fruit quality, field resistance

Title: Fruit quality of strawberry cultivars (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) affected by mineral and microbiological fertilizers

Authors: Jelena Tomić, Žaklina Karaklajić Stajić, Marijana Pešaković, Svetlana M. Paunović, Mira Milinković, Boris Rila1, Aleksandra Korićanac

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Abstract: This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of the genotype and fertilizer on fruit quality of strawberry cultivars ‘Clery’, ‘Joly’ and ‘Garda’. Three types of fertilizer were applied: M mineral fertilizers, M+B combination of microbial and mineral fertilizers, B microbial fertilizer. Fruits of ‘Garda’ had significantly higher fruit weight, firmness and titratable acidity (TA), whereas fruits of ‘Joly’ expressed significantly higher antioxidative capacity compared to the other two cultivars. In all fertilization treatments, fruits of ‘Clery’ had a high content of soluble solids (SSC), total sugars (TS) and inverted sugars (IS). Among the tested cultivars, ‘Garda’ can be recommended for more intensive commercial growing because of early ripening time and satisfied outer and inner fruit quality. Taking into account the positive effect of combined application of mineral and microbiological fertilizers on content of soluble solids, total acids, total and invert sugars in the fruit, a partial substitution of mineral fertilizer by biofertilizer could be recommended in nutrient management of strawberries aiming to improve the nutritional fruit quality.

Key words: strawberry, cultivar, fertilization, fruit weight, sugars, titratable acidity, antioxidant capacity

Title: Cropping potential and fruit characteristics of ‘Polka’ and ‘Heritage’ primocane raspberry cultivars grown in eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina

Authors: Aleksandar Životić, Jelisaveta Seka Cvijanović, Mirjana Žabić, Borut Bosančić, Miljan Cvetković2

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Abstract: The paper provides results of three-year research (2014-2016) on the cropping potential (number of shoots per meter of hedgerow, number of active buds per cane, number of lateral fruiting shoots per cane, percentage of lateral fruiting shoots per cane, number of fruits per lateral fruiting shoot and cane, yield per cane and unit area) and most important fruit characteristics (weight, length and width) of the primocane raspberry cultivars ‘Polka’ and ‘Heritage’. The research was conducted in commercial plantations in Municipality Bratunac, located in the eastern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Considering the number of canes per meter of hedgerow there was statistically highly significant interaction between observed cultivars during all three studied years. Average number of lateral fruiting shoots per cane was in the range from 12.21 to 20.73. Number of fruits per cane was significantly greater for the cultivar ‘Polka’ (87.79 to 139.58) compared to the cultivar ‘Heritage’ (50.0 to 85.6). Also, fruits of ‘Polka’ were significantly larger compared to the fruits of ‘Heritage’, which resulted in the greater yield per cane and unit area.

Key words: raspberry, cultivar, cane, fruit, weight, yield