Title: ‘Divna’ new plum (Prunus domestica L.) cultivar developed at Fruit Research Institute, Čačak

Authors: Ivana Glišić, Nebojša Milošević, Žaklina Karaklajić-Stajić, Milena Đorđević, Milan Lukić

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Abstract: The paper presents the results of a two-year (2016-2017) study on major phenological (flowering and ripening time) and pomological (morphometric, chemical and organoleptic) properties and productivity of new plum cultivar ‘Divna’ (‘Stanley’ × ‘Čačanska Rana’), developed at the Fruit Research Institute, Čačak, compared to the charactertistics of standard cultivar ‘Stanley’. According to the obtained results, ‘Divna’ is characterized by late flowering and very late ripening time, excellent abundance of flowering and good cropping. Fruits of the cultivar ‘Divna’ are medium-sized, with elliptical shape, violet blue skin colour and heavy bloom. The fruit flesh is yellowish green, firm, aromatic and tasty. Owing to the late ripening time, good productivity and fruit quality, ‘Divna’ is recommended for commercial production, and also has the potential to be used for future plum breeding programmes

Key words: Prunus domestica L., flowering and ripening time, morphometric, chemical and organoleptic properties of fruit, cropping

Title: Modern peach and nectarine production

Authors: Vladislav Ognjanov, Mirjana Ljubojević, Goran Barać, Jovana Dulić, Maja Miodragović, Tijana Narandžić

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Abstract: Peach and nectarine are species with exceptional potential for the development of fruit growing in the Republic of Serbia. This paper deals with quantitative and qualitative indicators that determine the current production of peach and nectarine in the most developed countries of Europe and in Republic of Serbia. The structural characteristics of the modern peach and nectarine assortment are related to the placement of fresh fruits and processing. The modern peach variety is defined based on the time of ripening, fruit quality and adaptability for our growing conditions. Cultivated varieties should belong to different time of maturation in order to provide the market with quality fruits in as wide range as possible, and rationally organize harvesting. When choosing a variety for commercial plantations, attention should be paid to the requirements for certain characteristics of the fruit in relation to their purpose. Creation of new rootstocks is directed to interspecies hybridization, resulting in complex hybrids within the genus Prunus. Their successful reproduction is possible thanks to modern methods of vegetative propagation.

Key words: peach, nectarine, assortment, production, processing, market

Title: New apricot cultivar ‘Buda’

Authors: Zoran Keserović, Nenad Magazin, Biserka Milić, Milica Igić, Maja Miodragović, Jelena Kalajdžić

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Abstract: Highly favorable environmental conditions have influenced the formation of natural populations of apricot in Republic of Serbia. For over 30 years, the Department of Fruit Growing, Viticulture, Horticulture and Landscape Architecture of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, has been working on the selection and preservation of apricot genotypes found in natural populations. These studies aimed to achieve different breeding goals, primarily later flowering time, high productivity and good fruit quality. The first released cultivars of apricots from Novi Sad ‘NS-4’, ‘NS-6’, ‘Novosadska Rodna’ and ‘Novosadska Kasnocvetna’ are now the leading cultivars in Serbia. Apricot cultivar ‘Buda’ is a new cultivar released in 2017. It was found as a spontaneous seedling of an unknown parentage in Donji Matejevac near Niš. It is distinguished by a pendulous growth habit with hanging branches. It bears fruits predominantly on long shoots, which have short internodes, and on a single node there are 2-4 flower buds besides the vegetative buds. It has a prolonged flowering period which is one of the reasons for its sensitivity to brown rot blossom blight disease. It has large fruits which ripe in the third decade of June at a time when the apricot market supply is insufficient.

Key words: Prunus armeniaca L., genotype, new cultivar

Title: Effect of dipping on fruit-drying kinetics in ‘Čačanska Rodna’ and ‘Stanley’ plum cultivars

Authors: Olga Mitrović, Branko Popović, Miodrag Kandić, Aleksandar Leposavić, Ivana Glišić, Nemanja Miletić

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Abstract: The paper presents the results of the effect of dipping on fruit-drying kinetics in two cultivars that represent the most significant source of prunes in Serbia (‘Čačanska Rodna’ and ‘Stanley’). Dipping was performed in laboratory conditions, by submerging fruits in boiling water. Testing was performed at two drying temperatures, 70 °C and 90 °C in the experimental fruit dryer used for testing the convective drying method, to the point of attaining 75% of total dry matter content in the prune. While dipping at 90 °C, drying time is reduced by an average of 5% compared to the control (undpipped fruits) whereas at the drying temperature of 70 °C, reduction of drying time is about 10% in both tested cultivars.

Key words: prune, drying temperature, dipping, drying curves, drying rate