Title: VARIABILITY AND HERITABILITY OF FLOWERING TIME AND FLOWER MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME PEACH HYBRIDS

Authors: Aleksandar Radović, Dragan Nikolić, Vera Rakonjac, Ivana Bakić

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Abstract: Variability and heritability of flowering time and flower morphological characteristics during the two-year period of research (2011-2012) were studied in eight selected peach hybrids obtained from the crossing combination ‘Flaminia’  ‘Summerset’. Flowering time of the examined peach hybrids occurred in late March and in the first half of April. The diameter of flower and petal dimensions showed significant differences between the studied hybrids. High values of heritability were established to start, full and the end of flowering, as well as the dimensions of petals and the number of double pistils. Morphological characteristics of the flower were characterized by small variation, which indicates the high stability of these traits and the possibility of their use in the determination of peach genotypes.

Key words: Prunus persica, hybrid, flowering, flower morphology, variability, heritability

Title: VARIATION IN SOIL HUMUS, pH AND CALCIUM CARBONATE CONTENT INFLUENCED BY DRIP IRRIGATION AND FERTIGATION

Authors: Aboubaker Brayek, Ranko Čabilovski, Nenad Magazin, Maja Manojlović

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Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of irrigation and fertigation with drip irrigation system on the content of humus, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and the pH value of soil in apple orchards. Analyzed samples were taken from three farms with contemporary orchards of apple varieties ‘Golden Delicious’. Orchards were placed at three different soil types: Mala Remeta (carbonate chernozem), Rumenka (black soil) and Ljutovo (sandy chernozem). Soil samples were taken from soil layers 0-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-50 cm. The soil sample were taken under the irrigation hose-emitter and from area between rowsat distance of 1.5 m from irrigation hoses. Results showed that irrigation and fertigation led to a significant decrease in soil pH, as well as reducing the content of CaCO3 and humus content in the surface soil layers 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm.

Key words: soil fertility, irrigation, fertigation, apple

Title: EFFECT OF SOIL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ON THE GENERATIVE POTENTIAL OF BLACK CURRANT (Ribes nigrum L.) CULTIVARS

Authors: Svetlana M. Paunović, Mihailo NIkolić, Rade Miletić, Jasminka Milivojević, Milovan Veličković

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Abstract: This experiment evaluated the effect of soil management systems in a black currant planting on the generative potential of the tested cultivars. The research was conducted at the experimental planting of the Fruit Research Institute, Čačak, during 2012-2014. Six black currant cultivars were included: ‘Ben Lomond’, ‘Ben Sarek’, ‘Titania’, ‘Čačanska Crna’, ‘Tisel’ and ‘Tiben’. Three soil management systems were used: 1. bare fallow; 2. sawdust mulch and 3. foil mulch. Black currants grown on sawdust had significantly higher values for most of the generative potential parameters studied, as opposed to the lowest values obtained under the foil mulch treatment. The cultivars exhibited differences in the generative potential as dependent on the soil management systems.

Key words: black currant, bare fallow, sawdust, foil, generative potential

Title: CHANGES IN ISOPEROXIDASES DURING ADVENTITIOUS ORGANOGENESIS IN SOME Prunus REPRESENTATIVES

Authors: Tatjana Vujović, Đurđina Ružić, Radosav Cerović

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Abstract: The paper presents results on analysis of isoperoxidases as markers of adventitious organogenesis in vitro in two representatives of Prunus genus: sour cherry ’Čačanski Rubin’ (P. cerasus L.) and cherry rootstock ’Gisela 5’ (P. cerasus × P. canescens). Isoperoxidases were separated in 5-15% density gradient polyacrylamide gels containing TBE buffer pH 8.3, and subsequently stained with 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine. During regeneration on most of the tasted regeneration media no differences in isoperoxidases profiles were detected between organogenic and non-organogenic calli originated from medium of the same hormonal composition. On the media where differences were established in the sour cherry ’Čačanski Rubin’, regeneration process was not associated with presence/absence of particular genotype-specific isoform, yet differences in isoperoxidases profiles varied with changes of plant growth regulator combination. Further biochemical studies focused on tracking changes over time in total peroxidase activity and isoperoxidase profiles are needed for precise establishment of the role of these enzymes in adventitious organogenesis in vitro.

Key words: in vitro regeneration, calli, isoperoxidases, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

Title: ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF VARIOUS BLACKBERRY (Rubus fruticosus) PRODUCTS

Authors: Dragana Paunović, Ana Kalušević, Dušica Đinović, Tanja Petrović, Jasmina Rajić, Miljan Cvetković, Viktor Nedović

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Abstract: The fruits of blackberries (Rubus fruticosus) are the most consumed in the fresh and frozen form, but can also be used as a very important raw material in the food industry for the production of juices, syrups, confitures, jam, jelly, wine, brandy, vinegar and others. In this paper, the syrup and confiture are produced of the blackberry fruits, in order to determine the influence of factors (temperature, time, aeration) of the technological process on the antioxidant properties of the products. The total anthocyanins content, total phenolics content and antioxidant activity were evaluated by three compatible UV-VIS spectrophotometric methods. The results showed that the total anthocyanins content, total phenolics content as well as antioxidant activity of the blackberry products were significantly lower compared to the unprocessed sample. These results indicate that the increasing of temperature, the time, and aeration during the technological process have a significant effect on the antioxidant activity of various blackberry products.

Key words: blackberry, syrup, confiture, antioxidant activity, phenolics, anthocyanins

Title: blackberry, syrup, confiture, antioxidant activity, phenolics, anthocyanins

Authors: Olga Mitrović, Branislav Zlatković, Branko Popović, Miodrag Kandić, Nemanja Miletić

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Abstract: The study, conducted in three replications, involved plum fruits in optimal stage of ripeness used for preservation by drying. The cultivars used were ‘Mildora’, ‘Čačanska Lepotica’, ‘Čačanska Rodna’ and ‘Stanley’. Fruits were dried in an experimental drier for testing the process of convective drying. The parallel current drying at two constant air temperatures (90 °C and 70 °C) were applied. In addition to the control, a pre-treatment dipping in boiling water was applied. This study was to evaluate the content of total sugars and total acids in fresh and dried plum fruits (100 grams of total dry matter), their ratio (sweetness index), and changes in these parameters in prunes as compared to fresh ones (expressed in percentage). The drying temperature and the dipping pretreatment applied do not influence the total sugar and total acid content (expressed as grams per 100 g of dry matter), as well as sugar/acid ratio in prunes compared to the fresh ones. The differences observed originate from the cultivar specialities. The total sugar and the total acid content of plum ‘Mildora’ is not influence by drying (expressed as grams per 100 g of dry matter).

Key words: plum, prune, sugar/acid ratio, drying temperature, dipping